Petroleum or similar substances



(No Model.) :3 sheets-sheet 1.

L. P. GUIGNARD & J. SCHWEIZER. APPARATUS PUR BURNING PRTRULRUM 0R SIMILAR SUBSTANURS.

No. 404,399. Patented June 4,1889..

'd mA WEZ/255566; l 9% 1.43%

N. PEYERS PhelLkrugnphar. wnhinglan, D. C.

3 `Sheets-.Sheet 2;

L. P. GUIGNARD .& J.. SCHWEIZER. .APPARATUS Fo-R BURNING PETROLEUM 0R SIMILAR sUBsTANcRs.

No. 404,399. Patented June 4, 1889..

(Rummel.)

I WIN N. PETERS. Phulo-Lilhogmpher, Washngnn. D. C.

3 SheetS--Sheet 3.

L. P..GUIGNARD & J. SCHWEIZER. APPARATUS POP BURNING PPPPULPUM 0R SIMILAR SUBSTANUPS,

No. 404,399. Patented June 4, 1889.

(No Model.)

iborn/eys.

N, PE'IERS, FhomALnhugnpher, wuhi nnnnnnn C.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE..

LOUIS PAUL GUIGNARD, OF FLUNTERN, NEAR ZURICH, AND JAKOB SOHVEIZER, OF .UNTERSTRASS NEAR ZURICH, SVITZERLAND.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING PETROLEUM OR SIMILAR SUBSTACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,399, dated J une 4, 1889.

Application filed August 80, 1888. Serial No. 284,174. (No model.) Patented in France May 4, 1888, No. 190,410, and in England July 24, 1888, No. 10,684. i

To aZZ whom, t may concern.-

Be it known that we, LOUIS PAUL GUIG- NARD, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Fluntern, near Zurich, in Switzerland, and JAKoB SCHWEIZER, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Unterstrass, near Zurich, in Switzerland, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Burning Petroleum or other Similar Substances, (for which we have received a patent in France, numbered 190,410, dated May 4, 1888, with additional application dated .lune 27, 1888, and in England, numbered 10,684, dated July 24, 1888,) of which the following is a specification.

The apparatus, intended for the burning of ordinary petroleum or similar substances,` convert the same lirst into a gas, which, streaming out through a small aperture, mixes with the air, and once lighted continues to burn in a regular manner. The mixture with air takes place in a cylinder in the interior of the burner or retort, so that there is no condensation of the gas, and the mixture being very hot the combustion is complet-e, and consequently devoid of smoke and smell. The same apparatus may be made to produce eithera single blast-llame of considerable length or a silent flame,7 which is adapted for cooking and heating purposes. The blast-flame may be employed in various industries-such as smelting, welding, soldering, dre-and may with advantage be used for heating steam-boilers, in which case it of itself produces sufficient draft, rendering the use of long chimneys, steam-blasts, and the like unnecessary. The combustible in the form of a fluid, which is to be burned in a gaseous form, is, as a rule, contained in an air tight receptacle partially filled with the same. In this, preferably by means of an air-pump, a higher pressure than the atmosphere is produced, under the influence of which the fluid passes from the receptacle through a tube into the apparatus or burner. It is also possible to employ a receptacle placed higher than the apparatus or burner from which the fluid will simply flow downward by gravity through the feed-tube into the evaporating apparatus or burner.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section of `isolated from the outer air.

the silent burner; Fig. 2, a cross-section of the silent burner; Fig. 3, a side View of the silent burner; Fig. 4, an en d view of the silent burner; Fig. 5, a vertical longitudinal section of the blast-burner. Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 6 in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an end view of the blast-burner. Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the line 8 in Fig. 5. Fig. 9 is a crosssection on the line 9 in Fig. 5, and Fig. 10 is a side view of the blast-burner. Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the silent burner in activity. Fig. 12 is a side elevation, partly broken, of the silent burner when the gas is burning. Fig. 13 is a similar view to Fig. 12 of a blast-burner in operation. Fig. 14 is a partly broken side elevation showing the burner applied to a cooking-stove, and Fig. 15 shows the silent burner as applied to a boiler.

The apparatus orburner consists of a metal cylinder a, Figs. 1 and 5, having a series of external annular flanges, which flanges have recesses c or openings; The cylinder a is inclosed by a metal jacket h. The chamber or space c between cylinder and jacket is closed at both ends by end flanges, (these being without the recesses c on the cylinder 60,) the cylinder and jacket being soldered together. The chamber or space c is completely The recesses c in the flanges on the cylinder form passages for the fluid and gas between the cylinder a and jacket l2 from chamber to chamber. The apparatus or burner forms a sort of retort into which the feed-tube dleads. The fluid passes through the tube (l into the chamber or space c between the cylinder a and jacket b.

The combustible fluid passing into the apparatus is evaporated in proportion to the consumption and issues into the cylinder in the form of gas in an axial direction through a small tube or jet c situated in the cylinderaxis at one end of the cylinder and communieating with the space c'. The cup h, Figs. 5 to 10, in the fixed tube d is to be lilled with spirits for heating the apparatus orburner when starting it. When so heated, the Huid in the chamber or space c will be converted into gas, which will pass from the chamber or space c through the jet c into the cylinder a. The

pressure under which the gas issues gives the same a considerable rapidity. Gases containing a largcramonnt of pure oxygen could also be employed when great heat is required. 'When the is lighted, a long blast-flame formed, which appears at the open end ot' the cylinder. Th is llainekeeps the apparatushot, therebygenerating more as it is consum ed. The plug i', will be removed when the jet c is to be cleaned. Then a silent burner is desired, the above-describedapparatus is simply covered by a second cylindrical jacket j at a small distance from the first. This exterior jaeketj"7 Fig. l., is pierced in asieve-likemanner by a number of small holes g g, Fig. .5, or apertures oi any term. lt is closed at the end opposite the gas-jet and secured to a iiange on the jacket Z) at the jet end of the burner. 'lhe stream of gas issues in the same way as bel'in'e from the cylinder. It strikes against the eoveringot the outer jacket and is blown and whirled back into the space between the inner and outer jackets l) and j, from whence it issues into the open air through the apertures g, at which it is ignited. For special purposes the aj'iertures may be placed either over the whole surface or on any single part of it. The llames snrrouinling the outer jacket maintain the whole apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature to ellect the evaporation of the combustible iluid, the [low of which is in both cases regulated by suitable means applied to the feed-pipe.

For the silent apparatus the cylindrical outer jacket could be replaced by a jaeli'etof dilierent shape from `that shown to suit the form desired [for the burner. The object to be attained by this combination is, i'rst, io pi event the mixture of petrolcum-gas and air [from taking lire on issuing from the cylA inder, and, secondly, to conduct this mixture into a place adapted to the employment oij' the burner, from which it finds exit into the open air by the above-mentioned apertures, at which it is ignited.. This space must be proportioned in such :rway that part ol' the heat produced maintains the retort at a sufiieiently high temperature lf'or the ri'agular evaporation. Il desired, the iirst jacket may also receive a somewhat altered liorm.

In. Fig. l lv is shown a silent burner7 wherein the different changes in the condition ot' the petroleum are shown, from its entering the burner by the tube d until it is ready to leave the burner to be ignited. lnFig. l5 the silent burner is applied to heat water in the boiler I3. ln order to get a sott-blast llame the bnrneris provided with holes (j at one end for the passage of the combustible. rlhe burner is shown within a heating-tube 'l ot' the boiler l,

Having new pmticnlarly described and as certainedthe nature oi oursaid invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is` l. The combination ol the cylinder (t, having` external annular flanges and provided with recesses c in each ol' said flanges, jacket l) restingl on said Ilanges, forming chambers or spaces o between the cylinder and jacket,

the chambers or spaces c communieating.l

through the recesses o with each other and with the 'feed-tube d, leading to one olf the chambers or spaces e, and the jet e, leadingl from one oit' the chambers or spaces f: to the interim' ol the cylinder a, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the cylinder o. and jacket Zi around said cylinder, forming the chamber or space c between said cyl i nder and jacket, with the 'utcn'ajjiertnred j acketf, li'eedtube d, leading to the chamber or space c, and jet c, leading from the chamber or space c to the interior of the cylinder (l, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof we sign this specilication in the presence el two subscribingI witnesses.

LOUIS PAUL (-{UIGN'ARU JAKOB SCHWEIZER.

lVitnesses:

Erin. BLUM, WILLIAM SCHNEIDER. 

